Dandelion Blossom Fritters

I grew up in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, where sagebrush, pine trees and prickly pear cactus flourished.  Needless to say there was little in the way of manicured lawn, what little we did have was generally a sea of dandelions.  My sister and I learned to forage for edible plants at a young age, as our mother was a botanist and our father was a renaissance man of sorts, and dandelions were one of the easiest and, thanks to my parents, tastiest finds.  I have fond memories of fresh dandelion blossoms being batter and fried for an afternoon snack or side dish at dinner.  I recently relocated to Montana, where spring is just beginning and the many of the lawns host their fair share of dandelions and fritters were on my mind.  They are just as easy and delicious as I remember them being, providing a great use for an otherwise common weed.   Dandelion blossom fritters pair well with buckwheat flatbread and rye or wheat berry salad. 

The blossoms should be used immediately and may be rinsed, but are easier to fry dry.

2 c dandelion blossoms, stems removed

1 large egg

¼ c flour

¼ c milk

2 tbsp oil

salt and pepper

1. In a small bowl, whisk the egg, milk and flour together until smooth.  Season the batter with salt and pepper.  Makes about one cup of batter.

2. Place the oil in a medium skill over medium heat.  Once the oil is heated, dip a dandelion blossom in the batter, holding the flower by the bottom to fully submerge the blossom in the batter, gently shake and place in the skillet.  Repeat the process until the skillet is full.  Fry the blossoms until golden brown, flipping as needed, about 1 minute.  Remove the blossoms and set aside drain on a paper towel, while continuing to fry the remaining blossoms. 

3. Season the fritters with salt and pepper as desired.  Serve immediately.

Serves 3-4

Wilted Spinach Salad with Bacon Dressing

Like many classic American dishes involving bacon, Germans settlers, specifically those settling New England and Pennsylvania, including the Amish and Mennonites, likely brought spinach salad to the Americas.  German immigrants brought a salad recipe which they served in springtime, composed of dandelion greens, bacon, vinegar and hardboiled eggs.  The dandelion salad later evolved into the more familiar spinach salad, which substitutes the dandelion greens for spinach, another spring green, and includes red onions and mushrooms.  Pennsylvania produces the greatest number of mushrooms, an industry started by the Quakers in the late 19th century and increases the likelihood the spinach salad has Pennsylvanian Dutch roots.  The mushrooms and onions can be added raw, but I like to slightly warm both ingredients before add them, so the spinach becomes even more warm and wilted when served as a salad.  Spinach salad is delicious with another German dish, potato salad.  

4 c spinach, roughly torn

½ red onion, thinly sliced

8 button mushrooms, quartered

2 eggs, hardboiled, peeled and roughly chopped

8 strips bacon, cut into 1" pieces

1 tbsp red wine vinegar

¼ tsp mustard

¼ tsp honey

salt and pepper

1. Place the spinach in a large bowl and set aside.  Combine the vinegar, mustard and honey in a small bowl, whisk and set aside. 

2. Heat a large pan over medium heat, add the bacon and fry until golden brown.  Remove the bacon, leaving the fat in the pan and toss the bacon with the spinach.

3. Reduce the heat to medium low, add the onion and sauté until slightly browned.  Add the mushrooms and gently sauté with the onions until they are lightly cooked.  Turn the heat off and remove the onions and mushrooms and toss them with the spinach and bacon. 

4. Pour the vinegar mixture into the pan, whisk well pour over the ingredients in the bowl and toss well.  Season with salt and pepper and serve immediately. 

Serves 2-4

Sweet Rosemary Potato Pancakes

The longer I cook, the more I enjoy using rosemary, maybe because it reminds me of the pines in which I was raised and also because I try to always have a rosemary plant around. Rosemary seems to be one of the more versatile herbs one can use in a kitchen, as it lends itself immensely well to both sweet and savory dishes, and frankly I cannot think of a more well rounded flavor which suits both. Like many herbs we use today, rosemary, an evergreen a related to the mint family, is native to the Mediterranean. The name rosemary derived from the Latin ros marinus or dew of the sea, due to its ability to use humid sea air as its primary source of moisture. Aside from culinary usage, rosemary has long been thought of as a medicinal plant to improve circulation, memory, digestion and the immune system, as well as providing anti-inflammatory properties. Sweet potatoes and rosemary pair very well indeed, as the bold piney flavors taste delicious upon a rich sweet background. These sweet rosemary potato pancakes are made in the style of latkes, with sweet potatoes taking the place of white potatoes.

1 lb sweet potatoes, peeled and grated

1 yellow onion, trimmed and grated

1 tsp fresh rosemary, leaves removed from stem

2 eggs

1 tsp starch, potato or corn

¼ tsp pepper

½ tsp salt

1-2 tbsp olive oil

1. Combine the grated sweet potatoes and salt in a medium-mixing bowl, set potatoes aside for about 10-15 minutes. Drain liquid from potatoes by squeezing them and tightly wrapping them in a clean towel, removing as much excess water as possible. Return drained potatoes to original mixing bowl.

2. Next, combine the potatoes with the onions and rosemary. Add the eggs, starch and pepper and thoroughly combine with the vegetables creating the batter for the pancakes.

3. In a medium frying pan, heat 1 tbsp of oil over medium-low heat. Place a tablespoon of batter in the pan, flatten into a pancake and fry each side until golden brown on both sides, about 5 minutes. Repeat process with remaining batter, adding additional oil as necessary.

4. Serve pancakes warm or room temperature.

Serves 3-4

Potato Pancakes

Potatoes were most likely introduced to Europe by Spanish explorer during the 16th century, so potato pancakes were born after their introduction. Potato pancakes are a staple of many traditional European cuisines especially in Eastern and Northern Europe and one of my favorite ways to eat potatoes. The vegetable pancakes are made using any number of different ingredients depending upon the culinary tradition followed, though all contain either raw or pre-cooked potatoes. I love them because they are reminiscent of the hash browns I loved as a child and can be eaten warm, room temperature or chilled with any number of toppings. Potato pancakes are delicious served with dark greens including collard or kale and bacon braised chicken.

1 lb new potatoes, grated

1 yellow onion, trimmed and grated

2 scallions, finely sliced

1 stalk celery, finely sliced

1 tbsp parsley, finely chopped

2 eggs

1 tsp starch, potato or corn

¼ tsp pepper

½ tsp salt

1-2 tbsp olive oil

1. Combine the grated potatoes and salt in a medium-mixing bowl, set potatoes aside for about 10-15 minutes. Drain liquid from potatoes by squeezing them and tightly wrapping them in a clean towel, removing as much excess water as possible. Return drained potatoes to original mixing bowl.

2. Next, combine the potatoes with the scallions, parsley, onions and celery. Add the eggs, starch and pepper and thoroughly combine with the vegetables creating the batter for the pancakes.

3. In a medium frying pan, heat 1 tbsp of oil over medium-low heat. Place a tablespoon of batter in the pan, flatten into a pancake and fry each side until golden brown on both sides, about 5 minutes. Repeat process with remaining batter, adding additional oil as necessary.

4. Serve pancakes warm or room temperature, with sour cream or applesauce if desired.

Serves 3-4

Veggie Burgers

Burgers made with vegetables, grains, egg and cheese are a great alternative or addition to burgers made with meat. Though it is possible to grill a veggie burger with a good amount of fat and care, they fry up just as easily and taste just as delicious. Most any ingredients can be used for the burger depending upon what flavors are desired but I have found beans create great texture and flavor not to mention additional protein. Veggie burgers are delicious topped with traditional and non-traditional burger toppings and a great with any number of vegetable sides.

Different kind of beans may be used, along with different cheeses and herbs.

½ c cooked black beans

1 c cooked chickpeas

2 eggs

½ c bread crumbs, finely ground

½ tsp rosemary, finely chopped

½ tsp oregano, finely chopped

1 shallot, finely diced

1 scallion, finely diced

½ c cheddar cheese, grated

½ tsp salt

¼ tsp ground pepper

1 tbsp olive oil

1. Place chickpeas and black beans in a food processor and pulse into a course meal. Combine beans, eggs, breadcrumbs, rosemary, oregano, shallot, scallion, cheese, salt and pepper in a medium-mixing bowl. Thoroughly combine ingredients.

2. Form mixture into patties of desired size, depending upon burger preference.

3. Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Fry patties in batches until golden brown, 3-4 minutes per side. Serve veggie burgers warm with bread and toppings of choice.

Makes 4-12 patties depending on size of patty

Summer Squash Fritters

Young squash, such as zucchini and summer, are a vegetable stand-by for me, and I try to always have them on hand because they are a useful versatile vegetable. I have found they can be added to many different dishes to increase the amount and diversity of vegetables consumed, not to mention texture and flavor. However, they are also lovely on their own, or at least made the central ingredient, with their smooth texture and light taste. Though they are so mild and fresh, they do maintain integrity while cooked, a nice quality in any ingredient. I decided to pair them with fresh herbs and lemon for a spring inspired fritters. Technically a fritter is coated with a batter and then fried, but I decided to combine the vegetables with the batter, creating a cross between a fritter and a pancake of sorts, proving culinary terms and labels can be complicated indeed. These fritters would be delicious paired with a beet salad and roasted potatoes.

Straight summer squash or zucchini will work just as well as the combination.

1 medium zucchini, grated

1 medium summer squash, grated

2 scallions, finely chopped

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

1 tbsp parsley, finely chopped

1 egg

¼ c parmesan, grated

1 tbsp flour

1 tsp lemon zest

1 tsp salt

¼ tsp black pepper, ground

1 tbsp olive oil

1. Place grated zucchini and summer squash in a colander, sprinkle with salt, toss and drain for about 20 minutes. Wrap the squash in cheese cloth and squeeze to remove excess water. Once squash is mostly dry, wrap in a clean dish towel and set aside.

2. Combine scallions, garlic, lemon zest, pepper, parmesan, flour and egg in a medium mixing bowl. Stir to combine, add squash and thoroughly mix ingredients.

3. Meanwhile, heat olive oil in a medium skillet over medium heat. Form batter into 1" balls and flatten into patties, about ½" thick. Fry patties until golden brown, 3-4 minutes per side. Continue process until all batter has been fried.

4. Serve fritters warm, room temperature or cold.

Makes 8 fritters

Rosemary Brown Rice Fritters

Sweet brown rice is one of my favorite kinds of rice because it has pleasing texture, flavor and color. I have found one of the better ways to cook brown rice is to boil it in a pot full of water until almost done, drain it, return it to the pot, cover it and allow it to finish cooking on its own. The boiling method takes the same if not less time and results in a perfectly cooked grain every time. I found inspiration for these fritters while reading an article in Saveur magazine on brown rice grown in California. Rice fritters are delicious with mustard green soup and beer stewed pork.

Other herbs may be substituted for either parsley or rosemary. A mechanical ice cream scoop works the best because it helps the rice mixture compact and hold together.

2 c cooked sweet brown rice

½ c parmesan, grated

¼ c flour plus more for coating fritters

¼ c parsley, finely chopped

1 tbsp rosemary, finely chopped

1 egg

2 tbsp olive oil

½ tsp salt

¼ tsp pepper

1. Thoroughly combine rice, flour, parmesan, parsley, rosemary, salt and pepper in a medium mixing bowl. Place 2 tbsp flour on a plate for coating rice patties. Form rice mixture into 1" fritters using two spoons or a mechanical ice cream scoop. Coat both sides of fritters with flour and place on parchment or wax paper lined baking sheet.

2. Meanwhile, heat olive oil in a medium skillet over medium heat. Gently transfer fritters to skillet with spatula. Brown fritters on each side, 3-4 minutes, adding olive oil to skillet as necessary. Once both sides have browned, remove fritters from heat.

3. Serve fritters warm or room temperature.

Serves 3-4

Sage and Sesame Fried Sweet Potatoes

I have participated in numerous sweet potato versus yam discussions with my friends and family recently, as sweet potatoes are both a common Thanksgiving side dish and often mislabeled as yams. The two plants are botanically distinct from each other; yams are starchy tubers from Africa and Asia, whereas sweet potatoes are distant relatives of potatoes from the Americas. African slaves referred to soft sweet potatoes, particularly orange fleshed, as yams to distinguish them from firm sweet potatoes with lighter flesh and because they slightly resemble true yams. Although yams can be found in specialties markets, in the States we tend to eat many different varieties of sweet potatoes. Sweet potatoes and leafy greens, such as orange pecan kale and walnut lemon chard, compliment each other in rich and hearty ways.

Any variety of sweet potato may be used. Other herbs will work well including rosemary, thyme or lavender.

3 medium sweet potatoes, peeled and cut into ¼ cubes

1 tbsp sesame seeds, toasted

1 tsp fresh sage, finely chopped

2 tbsp vegetable oil

salt and pepper

1. Heat the vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add cubed sweet potatoes and fry until golden brown, stirring occasionally to prevent sticking.

2. Once sweet potatoes have browned, add sesame seeds and sage. Continue frying until sage is fragrant, about 1 minute. Remove from heat. Season to taste with salt and pepper. May be served warm or room temperature.

Serves 3-4