Roasted Eggplants with Tomatoes and Feta

Eggplant, native to India, is an edible fruit, truly a berry, in the nightshade family, which also includes tomatoes and potatoes. Eggplants are presently cultivated and consumed throughout the world and grow in a wide range of shapes, sizes and colors. The seeds of eggplant tend to be bitter due to the nicotine, an alkaloid found in the nightshade family, contained within them, making eggplants the most nicotine rich edible fruit humans consume. Roasting eggplants creates an especially rich and earthy flavor and they taste great served at any temperature. Roasted eggplants with tomatoes and feta are delicious pared with socca, braised lentils and tangerine beet salad.

Any variety of eggplant may be used with minor adjustments for size and shape.

6 small Japanese eggplant, trimmed and quartered lengthwise

½ tomato, finely diced

¼ red bell pepper, trimmed and finely diced

¼ onion, trimmed and finely diced

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

½ c feta

1 tbsp parsley, finely chopped

1 tbsp rosemary, stem removed and finely chopped

1 tsp olive oil

salt and pepper

olive oil

1. Preheat oven to 425 degrees. Spread eggplant on a baking dish, drizzle with olive oil and season with salt and pepper. Place eggplant in the oven and roast until tender, 10-15 minutes. Remove from oven and set aside.

2. In a medium mixing bowl, combine feta, tomato, bell pepper, onion, garlic, herbs and olive oil. Season to taste with salt and pepper. Serve roasted eggplant on a bed of greens and top with tomatoes and feta. Serve eggplant warm, room temperature or chilled.

Serves 3-4

Shaved Summer Squash Salad

Zucchinis and yellow or summer squash are actually both summer squash, a term used to separate these soft immature squash from the hard mature squash we eat called winter squash. Though squash is a new world plant, what we know as zucchini was developed in Italy after the squash plant was introduced to Europe by explorers. The term zucchini, from the Italian zucchina or zucchine for small squash, is used in the States and Australia, whereas many other countries in the world refer to zucchini as courgette from the French for petite squash. Because summer squash are picked immature they can be easily eaten raw, as they are very tender and so delicious in salads. Shaved summer squash salad goes well with a multitude of dishes including warm lentil salad, gnocchi and rye berry salad.

For Kim, who introduced me to a similar dish last summer.

2 small zucchini, trimmed and thinly shaved into rounds

2 small summer squash, trimmed and thinly shaved into rounds

¼ red bell pepper, finely diced

1 tbsp parsley, finely chopped

¼ c parmesan, finely shaved or grated

1 tsp olive oil

salt and pepper

1. Thinly shave summer squash and zucchini into rounds, using either a mandolin or sharp knife. Once squash are shaved, place in a medium-mixing bowl.

2. Add bell pepper, parsley, parmesan and olive oil. Gently toss to combine. Season to taste with salt and pepper.

3. Serve salad room temperature or chilled.

Serves 3-4

Warm Red Lentil and Spinach Salad with Goat Cheese

Lentil salads, such as warm red lentil salad, are the perfect way to continue eating lentils during spring and summer. Lentils, a member of the legume family, were one of the first crops domesticated by humans in the Near East. Due to their high protein content, lentils remain an important part of the diet around the world, especially in South Asia and the Middle East. In the States, it seems lentils are frequently cooked in lentil soup and while delicious, is certainly not the only way to cook lentils. Warm spiced red lentils with caramelized shallots over sautéed spinach and fresh tomatoes topped with crumbled goat cheese are reminiscent of similar dishes served in Persian cuisine and are delicious with tangerine beets and roasted potatoes.

Any variety of lentils may be used, though cooking times and water quantities may vary. Feta could be used in place of goat cheese. Yellow or red onions may be used instead of shallots. Omit the goat cheese to make the dish vegan.

For the Samimi-Aazamis, my Persian dears, in celebration of their anniversary.

1 c red lentils

2 c water

1 tsp ground cumin

1 tsp grated ginger

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

2 medium shallots, trimmed and thinly sliced

1 lb fresh spinach, trimmed

1 medium tomato, finely diced

1 tbsp mint, finely chopped

1 tbsp cilantro, finely chopped

2 tbsp plus 1 tsp olive oil

salt and pepper

4 oz goat cheese, crumbled

1. Heat 1 tbsp of olive oil in a Dutch oven or similarly heavy pot over medium heat. Add lentils and cumin, sauté until lentils become slightly translucent, 3-5 minutes, stirring continuously. Add ginger and garlic, sauté until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add water, bring to a boil, reduce heat to medium low and simmer lentils until water is almost completely reduced and lentils are tender, 20-30 minutes, stirring occasionally to prevent sticking. Once cooked, remove from heat and set aside.

2. Heat 1 tbsp olive oil in a medium skillet over medium heat, add shallots. Sauté shallots, stirring often until shallots are golden brown and caramelized, 15-20 minutes. Once caramelized, remove from heat and combine with cooked lentils, mint and cilantro. Season lentils to taste with salt and pepper.

3. Using the same medium skillet, heat 1 tsp olive oil over medium heat. Add spinach and sauté until wilted, 1-2 minutes. Remove from heat and stir in tomatoes. Season spinach to taste with salt and pepper.

4. Serve lentils over sautéed spinach and tomatoes and top with crumbled goat cheese.

Serves 3-4

Veggie Burgers

Burgers made with vegetables, grains, egg and cheese are a great alternative or addition to burgers made with meat. Though it is possible to grill a veggie burger with a good amount of fat and care, they fry up just as easily and taste just as delicious. Most any ingredients can be used for the burger depending upon what flavors are desired but I have found beans create great texture and flavor not to mention additional protein. Veggie burgers are delicious topped with traditional and non-traditional burger toppings and a great with any number of vegetable sides.

Different kind of beans may be used, along with different cheeses and herbs.

½ c cooked black beans

1 c cooked chickpeas

2 eggs

½ c bread crumbs, finely ground

½ tsp rosemary, finely chopped

½ tsp oregano, finely chopped

1 shallot, finely diced

1 scallion, finely diced

½ c cheddar cheese, grated

½ tsp salt

¼ tsp ground pepper

1 tbsp olive oil

1. Place chickpeas and black beans in a food processor and pulse into a course meal. Combine beans, eggs, breadcrumbs, rosemary, oregano, shallot, scallion, cheese, salt and pepper in a medium-mixing bowl. Thoroughly combine ingredients.

2. Form mixture into patties of desired size, depending upon burger preference.

3. Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Fry patties in batches until golden brown, 3-4 minutes per side. Serve veggie burgers warm with bread and toppings of choice.

Makes 4-12 patties depending on size of patty

Spring Vegetable and Rye Berry Salad

Whole grains are grass seeds, which contain endosperm, bran and cereal germ, as opposed to refined grains that consist of only endosperm, and are a great addition to any diet because they provide more protein and fiber than their refined counterparts. Cooking with whole grains does take some patience, as they require a longer cooking time due to the bran exterior, but whole grains are well worth the extra time on the stove as they have a rich, nutty and earthy flavor. The easiest way to cook whole grains such as rye, wheat or oat berries, is to boil them for 1-2 hours until they are al dente. The cooked berries can then be added to any number of recipes or eaten on their own. Whole grains mixed with vegetables, herbs and cheese make great side salads to keep on hand during the summer, as they can be eaten room temperature or cold and taste delicious with for breakfast, lunch or dinner. Spring vegetable and rye berry salad is delicious with braised lentils and socca.

Peas may be used instead of sugar snap peas. Most grain berries will work in place of rye such as wheat, oat or barley.

2 c cooked rye berries

1 medium new potato, thinly sliced into rounds

1 small leek, trimmed, halved lengthwise and thinly sliced

¼ lb sugar snap peas, trimmed and cut in half widthwise

¼ lb asparagus, trimmed and cut into 1" pieces

½ small red pepper, trimmed and finely diced

1 tbsp parsley, roughly copped

½ c feta

1 tbsp olive oil

salt and pepper

leaf lettuce (optional)

1. Heat olive oil in a medium skillet over medium-high heat. Add potatoes and fry until golden brown on both sides, about 5 minutes, stirring frequently to prevent sticking. Remove the potatoes from skillet, leaving the oil in the skillet and place them in a medium-mixing bowl.

2. Reduce heat to medium, add red pepper and leeks and sauté until just cooked, about 1 minute. Remove from heat, stir in parsley and set skillet aside.

3. Place the asparagus and peas in a steamer basket with water in a small pot. Cover the pot and bring the water to a boil. Once water boils, remove vegetables from heat and place them in the bowl with the potatoes.

4. Add the rye berries and skillet ingredients to the potatoes and vegetables, gently toss to combine and season to taste with salt and pepper.

5. Sprinkle feta on top or gently toss with salad when serving. Serve salad room temperature or chilled on leaf lettuce if desired.

Serves 3-4

Chenna and Paneer

Chenna and Paneer are types of fresh curd cheeses made by adding an acid, such as lemon juice, to hot milk and unlike other cheeses, chenna and paneer involve neither salt nor rennet. Chenna and paneer are commonly used in South Asian cuisine where milk is readily available, such as Indian, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Chenna is crumbled, slightly moist curd cheese and paneer is chenna pressed into a cake. I only recently started making chenna and paneer at home as it is difficult to find commercially and I generally prefer to make things myself. I found making the fresh cheese incredibly easy and satisfying with wonderfully edible results. Though other acids including vinegar and yogurt can also be used, lemon juice seems to produce a more light and delicate cheese. Now I make chenna or paneer on a weekly basis to eat in curries, on salads or with fruits and breads. This recipe is based on Julie Sahni's recipe for chenna and paneer found in Classic Indian Cooking, a great reference for Indian cooking. I used homemade paneer when making matar saag paneer.

To use vinegar instead of lemon juice, use 3 tbsp cider vinegar and 3 tbsp water. To use yogurt instead of lemon juice use, 1 c plain yogurt.

8 c whole milk

4 tbsp lemon juice

1. Bring milk to a simmer in a large heavy-bottomed pot or saucepan over medium heat, stirring continuously to prevent burning. Once milk is simmering, reduce heat to medium-low heat and add lemon juice.

2. Stir gently until white curds form and separate from yellow-green whey, 10-15 seconds. Continue stirring curds gently and slowly until they are well separated from the whey, about 15-20 seconds. Remove from heat.

3. Strain curds and whey through a strainer or colander lined with 4 layers of cheesecloth or thin clean cloth. Place curds under medium-flow cold running water to remove lemon juice and whey from curds, about 10 seconds.

4. Bring four corners of cheesecloth together and tie them. Gently twist cloth to remove excess water and hang cheesecloth over sink or bowl to drain for about 1½ hour. The drained, crumbled cheese formed is chenna.

5. To make paneer: set the cheese, still wrapped in cloth, on a flat surface, such as a cutting board, and place a weight on the cheese, such as a pot of water, for ½-1 hour.

6. Store chenna or paneer in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 4 days. Use chenna or paneer in your favorite dishes or on its own as a cheese.

Makes about 12 oz of cheese

Summer Squash Fritters

Young squash, such as zucchini and summer, are a vegetable stand-by for me, and I try to always have them on hand because they are a useful versatile vegetable. I have found they can be added to many different dishes to increase the amount and diversity of vegetables consumed, not to mention texture and flavor. However, they are also lovely on their own, or at least made the central ingredient, with their smooth texture and light taste. Though they are so mild and fresh, they do maintain integrity while cooked, a nice quality in any ingredient. I decided to pair them with fresh herbs and lemon for a spring inspired fritters. Technically a fritter is coated with a batter and then fried, but I decided to combine the vegetables with the batter, creating a cross between a fritter and a pancake of sorts, proving culinary terms and labels can be complicated indeed. These fritters would be delicious paired with a beet salad and roasted potatoes.

Straight summer squash or zucchini will work just as well as the combination.

1 medium zucchini, grated

1 medium summer squash, grated

2 scallions, finely chopped

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

1 tbsp parsley, finely chopped

1 egg

¼ c parmesan, grated

1 tbsp flour

1 tsp lemon zest

1 tsp salt

¼ tsp black pepper, ground

1 tbsp olive oil

1. Place grated zucchini and summer squash in a colander, sprinkle with salt, toss and drain for about 20 minutes. Wrap the squash in cheese cloth and squeeze to remove excess water. Once squash is mostly dry, wrap in a clean dish towel and set aside.

2. Combine scallions, garlic, lemon zest, pepper, parmesan, flour and egg in a medium mixing bowl. Stir to combine, add squash and thoroughly mix ingredients.

3. Meanwhile, heat olive oil in a medium skillet over medium heat. Form batter into 1" balls and flatten into patties, about ½" thick. Fry patties until golden brown, 3-4 minutes per side. Continue process until all batter has been fried.

4. Serve fritters warm, room temperature or cold.

Makes 8 fritters

Shredded Brussel Sprouts with Lemon and Pine Nuts

Brussel sprouts, cultivated wild cabbage, are cruciferous vegetables being part of Brassica family. Though similar wild cabbage have been cultivated for many years, brussel sprouts as we know them today were likely grown in 13th century Belgium, first written about during the 16th century and introduced to the States during the 19th century. Like many vegetables, brussel sprouts seem to be underrated and often only served overcooked, which releases their sulphurous odor and thus brings about their general dislike. I have always loved brussel sprouts and have learned they taste just as delicious with little or no cooking. Shredded brussel sprouts are a great side dish for spring and summer, accompanying a variety of dishes including beet salad, smashed new potatoes and butternut squash.

For this salad I prefer the brussel sprouts to be lightly cooked to bring out their color and slightly mellow their flavor and pairs nicely with the lemon, which is eaten along with the sprouts.

½ lb brussel sprouts, trimmed and thinly sliced lengthwise

½ lemon, thinly sliced and cut into quarters

1 tbsp pine nuts, toasted

1 tbsp parmesan, shredded

½ tsp olive oil

salt and pepper

1. Place brussel sprouts in a steamer basket over boiling water. Cover and steam brussel sprouts until brilliant green, about 1 minute. Remove from heat and wrap in a towel to remove excess water. Place in a medium-mixing bowl.

2. Add lemon, pine nuts, Parmesan and olive oil to brussel sprouts. Gently toss to combine and season to taste with salt and pepper. Allow ingredients to marinate at least 1 hour before serving.

3. Serve room temperature or chilled.

Serves 2-3

Matar Saag Paneer : Indian Cheese with Spinach and Peas

Saag and matar are two of my favorite Indian dishes, spinach and peas respectively cooked in a fragrant tomato sauce. I especially like them combined and served with fried paneer, which is a form of Indian cheese. For recipes and ideas, such as this curry, I generally turn to Julie Sahni's book Classic Indian Cooking. A few weeks ago, I decided to make homemade paneer, which was surprisingly easy and satisfying and became the inspiration for and main ingredient in this dish, based on recipes in Classic Indian Cooking.

Paneer may be found at specialty grocery stores or paneer from scratch. Meat such as chicken or lamb may be used instead of paneer.

2 c paneer, cut into ½ inch cubes

1 c cooked spinach

1 c peas, fresh or frozen

1 small yellow onion, finely chopped

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

1 c tomatoes, fresh or canned, finely chopped

1 ½ c hot water

6 tbsp ghee or vegetable oil

1 tbsp fresh ginger, finely chopped

1 tsp ground coriander

½ tsp turmeric

¼ tsp black pepper

½ tsp paprika

1 tsp flour

1 tsp garam masala

2 tbsp cilantro, finely chopped

salt

1. Spread paneer on a clean dish towel and allow cubes to dry slightly, about 30 minutes. Dust paneer in flour. Heat 3 tbsp ghee or oil in a medium over medium heat. Working in small batches, add paneer to skillet and fry, turning evenly until lightly browned, about 5 minutes. Remove from heat and set aside.

2. In a large heavy pan or Dutch oven, heat ghee or oil used for frying and remaining ghee or oil over medium heat. Add onions and sauté until slightly brown, stirring constantly. Add garlic and ginger and sauté until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add coriander, turmeric, paprika, black pepper, sauté for about 10 seconds and add tomatoes. Cook until sauce thickens, about 10 minutes.

3. Add 1 ¼ c water and spinach and bring sauce to a boil. Reduce heat to medium low, cover and simmer for about 15 minutes. Remove sauce from heat and cool slightly before puréeing sauce with an immersion blender or other food processor.

4. Return sauce to the large pan over medium heat and add peas, fried paneer and ¼ c water. Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer until peas are cooked. Remove from heat, season to taste with salt, cover and allow dish to rest at least 1 hour before serving.

5. Reheat, adding garam masala and cilantro and gently combine before serving. Serve over basmati rice or with Indian bread.

Serves 3-4

Creamy Polenta

Polenta is an Italian version of cooked grain, commonly made with white or yellow cornmeal, and often referred to as a peasant food due to the use of an inexpensive and accessible ingredient. Cooked grains have been a staple of Italian cuisine for many years, though earlier forms of polenta utilized a variety of ingredients such as farro and chestnut because corn had yet to be introduced to Europe from the Americas. Polenta is served in different ways depending on the region including soft, dense, firm, shaped or fried. I like to serve polenta with stuffed summer squash or stuffed acorn squash.

Any grind of cornmeal will work, but cooking time may have to be adjusted. More water may be added as necessary. Any fresh herb will work.

1 c cornmeal, finely ground

4 c water

¼ c parmesan, grated

1 tbsp butter

1 large clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

1 tsp fresh rosemary, finely chopped

salt and pepper

1. In a large heavy pot, combine cornmeal and water and place over medium-high heat. Bring contents to a boil, stirring continually to prevent cornmeal from clumping or sticking to the bottom. Reduce heat to medium or medium-low, so that contents are at a simmer. Continue stirring frequently until water content has been reduced and mixture is creamy, 30-40 minutes. Once desired consistency has been reached, remove polenta from heat.

2. Add Parmesan, butter, garlic and rosemary to polenta, stirring to thoroughly combine, cover and set aside for 10 minutes.

3. Season to taste with salt and pepper. Serve warm.

Serves 3-4

Arugula Salad with Oranges and Almonds

Arugula, also known as eruca or rocket (roquette), is a member of the Brassicaceae family and native to the Mediterranean. For some reason, I spent many years disliking arugula. I recall removing it from sandwiches in Italy and always requesting it to be either omitted or exchanged when ordering. A few years ago something shifted and suddenly arugula became one of my favorite greens and my preferred choice for salads. I make this salad often, as it is quick, fresh and delicious and quite often it accompanies pizza or gnocchi or stuffed vegetables.

For Susan, who requested I post the recipe for this salad.

4 c fresh arugula

¼ c sliced almonds, toasted

1 large orange, segmented

1-2 tbsp parmesan, grated

1 tbsp fresh orange juice

1 tbsp olive oil

salt and pepper

1. In a small bowl, combine orange juice and olive oil. Season dressing to taste with salt and pepper and set aside.

2. In a medium mixing bowl or salad bowl, combine arugula, almonds, Parmesan and oranges. Whisk dressing, slowly drizzle on arugula mixture and gently toss to combine. Serve immediately.

To segment oranges: using a serrated knife, slice the ends off of the orange. Placing the orange on one end, carefully remove the peel working from end to end and rotating orange. After peel is removed, segment the orange by cutting along the edge of each dividing skin.

Serves 3-4

Summer Squash Stuffed with Ricotta

Squash originated in the Americas and the genus Curcurbita has been cultivated for thousands of years. Summer squash, like zucchini, are fruits from the species C. pepo. Summer squash are harvested when still immature so that their rind is still tender and therefore edible. Due to their tenderness, summer squash have a shorter storage life than their winter counterparts. Summer squash are versatile vegetables, being so tender and mild, and I like cooking with them often. The ricotta filling accompanies the squash well with a subtle but rich flavor. I have served stuffed squash with gnocchi and arugula pesto or creamy polenta.

Zucchini may be used instead of summer squash.

2 medium summer squash, halved

1 medium carrot, trimmed and finely diced

1 stalk celery, trimmed and finely diced

1 small yellow onion, trimmed and finely diced

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

¼ c parsley, finely chopped

1 tbsp olive oil plus more for drizzling

1 c ricotta

¼ c breadcrumbs

1 small tomato, sliced into thin rounds

salt and pepper

1. Preheat oven 375 degrees. Using a spoon, scoop seeds and pulp from squash halves until the shells are roughly ¼ inch thick. Brush with olive oil and set aside.

2. Heat 1 tbsp olive oil in a medium skillet over medium heat. Add onion, celery and carrot and sauté until translucent, about 5 minutes, add garlic and remove from heat.

3. Combine ricotta, parsley, breadcrumbs and sautéed ingredients in a medium mixing bowl. Season to taste with salt and pepper.

4. Fill each squash half with ricotta mixture until level with rim. Place halves in a baking dish with filling sides up, lay tomato rounds on top of filled squash and drizzle with olive oil.

5. Bake squash halves until lightly browned and tender, 20-30 minutes. Remove from oven and let cool, 5-10 minutes. Serve warm or room temperature.

Makes 4 stuffed squash

Roasted Bell Peppers Stuffed with Rice Pilaf

I made a meal for a few friends over the holidays and wanted to make the same entrée with both an omnivore and vegetarian option. I happened to have many bell peppers around and decided to stuff bell peppers with a rice pilaf either with or without lamb. The bell pepper originated in Central American and is the only member of the Capsicum genus lacking capsaicin, the chemical causing heat. Bell peppers work perfectly for stuffing because they can maintain their shape after cooking and go well with mashed carrots and marinated green beans.

I used wild rice but any rice will work. Lamb is optional depending upon preference. Any variety of bell pepper will work.

For Kim, who requested a stuffed bell pepper recipe.

2 medium bell peppers, halved lengthwise

1 c cooked rice

1 clove garlic, pressed or finely chopped

¼ c parsley, finely chopped

1 medium red onion, trimmed and finely diced

1 stalk celery, trimmed and finely diced

8 button mushrooms, halved and finely sliced into quarters

¼ lb ground lamb*

1 tbsp kalamata olives, finely chopped

¼ c feta

1 tbsp olive oil plus more for rubbing peppers

1 tbsp butter

salt and pepper

*optional

1. Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Remove seeds and pith from peppers. Rub peppers with olive oil and set them aside.

2. Meanwhile, heat olive oil and butter in a medium skillet over medium heat; add onions and sauté until soft. Once onions are soft, add celery, garlic and mushrooms and continue sautéing until mushrooms are soft. Remove from heat and place sautéed ingredients in a medium mixing bowl.

3. Add rice, olives, feta, parsley and lamb (if using) to the sautéed ingredients and thoroughly combine. Stuff peppers with rice pilaf and place in a baking dish.

4. Bake peppers until soft and browned, 20-30 minutes. Remove peppers from oven and cool for about 10 minutes.

5. Serve stuffed peppers warm or room temperature.

Makes 4 stuffed peppers